Under the background of extensive promotion of quality education in the new era, many colleges and universities attach more importance to students’ physical exercise and are gradually cultivating students’ physical awareness. With the rapid development of education informatization in our country, the development of informatization industry has greatly promoted the development of MOOC. Big data, or huge amount of data, subverts people’s traditional ideas with its characteristics of large amount, high speed, variety and value and brings about huge waves of change in many fields. With the development of the network, education is constantly innovating its educational model. MOOC has become the focus of the innovative educational model. The emergence of this model has greatly changed the traditional educational concepts and teaching methods in most colleges and universities. Based on the discussion of Big Data and massive open online course in the background of Big Data era, this paper analyzes what opportunities and challenges they bring to college physical education.